ESIL Interest Group History of International Law

ESIL Interest Group History of International Law

Monday 30 November 2020

BOOK: Ekaterina YAHYAOUI KRIVENKO, Space and Fates of International Law - Between Leibniz and Hobbes (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020). ISBN 9781108488754, 85.00 GBP

(Source: CUP)

CUP is publishing a new book on the influence exercised by the concept of space on the emergence and continuing operation of international law.

ABOUT THE BOOK

The book offers the first analysis of the influence exercised by the concept of space on the emergence and continuing operation of international law. By adopting a historical perspective and analysing work of two central early modern thinkers – Leibniz and Hobbes – it offers a significant addition to a limited range of resources on early modern history of international law. The book traces links between concepts of space, universality, human cognition, law, and international law in these two early modern thinkers in a comparative fashion. Through this analysis, the book demonstrates the dependency of the contemporary international law on the Hobbesian concept of space. Although some Leibnizian elements continue to operate, they are distorted. This continuing operation of Leibnizian elements is explained by the inability of international law, which is based on the Hobbesian concept of space, to ensure universality of its normative foundation.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Ekaterina Yahyaoui KrivenkoNational University of Ireland, Galway


Ekaterina Yahyaoui Krivenko is the current Chair of the Interest Group on International Legal Theory and Philosophy of the European Society of International Law. In 2016 she received NUI Galway President's award for research excellence. Her work critically examines theoretical underpinnings of international law and human rights.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction

2. Science and Law in the Seventeenth Century

3. Space

4. The Idea of Universals and Human Cognition

4. Law

5. Intermezzo

6. Space(s) of International Law

7. Conclusions and Way Forward

 

More info here

(source: ESCLH Blog)

Friday 27 November 2020

BOOK: François BRUNET, La pensée juridique de...Hans Kelsen (Paris: Mare & Martin, 2019). ISBN: 978-2-84934-440-8, pp. 160, € 9

 

(Source: Mare & Martin)

ABOUT THE BOOK

Ce livre concis et accessible présente les principales facettes de la pensée de Hans Kelsen, reconnu comme l’un des plus grands juristes du xxe siècle. Figure de proue du positivisme juridique, ce théoricien prône une science pure du droit, dédiée à la description objective du système juridique existant. Cet ouvrage restitue pas à pas le sens précis des concepts fondamentaux de Kelsen, dont la célèbre « hiérarchie des normes ». Ce faisant, il s’agit de montrer la profonde cohérence du projet intellectuel de Kelsen, marqué par l’idéal de la science.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

François Brunet est professeur de droit public à l’université de Tours. Il a publié notamment La normativité en droit (Mare & Martin, 2012) et Introduction générale au droit avec Muriel Fabre-Magnan (Puf, 2017).


More information with the publisher.

(source: ESCLH Blog)

Thursday 26 November 2020

BOOK: Stefan-Ludwig HOFFMANN, Geschichte Der Menschenrechte - Ein Rückblick (Frankfurt: Suhrkamp Verlag, 2020). ISBN 978-3-518-42838-2, 25.00 EUR

 

(Source: Suhrkamp Verlag)

Suhrkamp Verlag is publishing a new book on the history of human rights.

ABOUT THE BOOK

Die Menschenrechte gehören zu den unbestrittenen Grundsätzen liberaler Demokratien. Dass alle Menschen »frei und gleich an Würde und Rechten geboren« sind, kommt uns als selbstverständlich vor. In seiner Geschichte der Menschenrechte zeigt Stefan-Ludwig Hoffmann, wie neu diese Sichtweise ist.

Der Glaube an die Universalität der Menschenrechte, so Hoffmann, ist selbst historisch, entstanden aus den sozialen und politischen Konflikten der letzten Jahrhunderte: Kolonialismus und imperiale Weltbeherrschung, Aufstieg des Nationalstaats und einer internationalen Staatenwelt, Globalisierung und neue Ungleichheit. Nur im Rückblick wird erkennbar, dass zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten mit den Menschenrechten oft ganz Gegensätzliches verhandelt wurde. In seiner brillanten Studie zeichnet Hoffmann diese spannungsreiche Entwicklung nach und stellt die unbequeme Frage, ob der Menschenrechtsidealismus des späten 20. Jahrhunderts gegenwärtig an sein Ende kommt.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Stefan-Ludwig Hoffmann, geboren 1967 in Berlin, ist Associate Professor for Late Modern European History an der University of California Berkeley. Zuletzt erhielt er den Guggenheim Forschungspreis und war Fellow am Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin.

More info here

(source: ESCLH Blog)

Wednesday 25 November 2020

BOOK: Emmanuelle CRONIER & Benjamin DERUELLE (Eds.), Argumenter en guerre. Discours de guerre, sur la guerre et dans la guerre de l'Antiquité à nos jours (Villeneuve d'Ascq: Presses Universitaires du Septentrion, 2019). ISBN: 102757424580, pp. 420, € 28,00

  

ABOUT THE BOOK

L'art de l’argumentation ne cède pas ses droits en situation de guerre. Au contraire, la préparation des conflits, la conduite des opérations et la reconstruction de la paix sont d’intenses moments de persuasion, de négociation et de confrontation dans lesquels l’art oratoire occupe toute sa place. Fruit d’une collaboration active entre historiens et juristes, cet ouvrage propose, au travers d’un parcours s’étendant de la guerre antique aux conflits contemporains, une réflexion riche, passionnante et novatrice sur les usages et les fonctions du discours en situation de conflit armé. Il nous transporte des plaines du Péloponnèse et de l’Italie romaine au Tribunal international, en passant par les guerres d’Attila et des ducs de Bourgogne, par les conflits religieux et de la monarchie absolue des temps modernes, ou encore par les guerres de sécessions et les deux conflits mondiaux. S’y découvrent alors les modalités et les enjeux de la parole en guerre, qu’il s’agisse de justifier ou de contester l’engagement, la violence ou les buts de guerres ; de convaincre les autorités politiques et l’opinion publique d’entrer dans le conflit ou les combattants de sacrifier leur vie ; ou encore d’implorer le pardon et de réparer des exactions, mais aussi de s’emparer de la gloire d’une victoire ou de repousser la honte d’une défaite.

ABOUT THE EDITORS

Emmanuelle Cronier est maîtresse de conférences en histoire contemporaine à l'Université de Picardie-Jules Verne et chercheuse au Centre d’Histoire des Sociétés, des Sciences et des Conflits (CHSSC, EA4289).

Benjamin Deruelle est professeur d'histoire moderne à l’Université du Québec à Montréal. Agrégé d’histoire et docteur de l’Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, il est chercheur à l’IRHIS (Institut de Recherches Historiques du Septentrion UMR 8529-CNRS-Université de Lille).

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction

Emmanuelle Cronier & Benjamin Deruelle

Partie 1

Dire, justifier, contester la guerre

Justifier ou restreindre la violence de la guerre : arguments juridiques et arguments moraux dans l'Antiquité tardive

Hervé Huntzinger

Justifier et légitimer l’engagement : la guerre de Candie (1645-1669) et la France

François Pugnière

L’argumentation juridique dans les guerres de sécession

Emanuel Castellarin

Les arguments juridiques contemporains de l’intervention en guerre

Marie-Clotilde Runavot

Partie 2

Convaincre, adhérer, mobiliser

Quand les femmes parlent de la guerre : le dossier des apophtegmes laconiens

Jean-Manuel Roubineau

La guerre, ultima ratio des ducs de Bourgogne ? Argument guerrier et autorité du prince législateur (fin XIVe – début XVe siècle)

Jean-Baptiste Santamaria

L’argument de la guerre dans la négociation fiscale, le cas valdôtain au XVIIe siècle

Julien Alerini

Monarchie absolue et monarchie limitée face à la guerre : les stratégies argumentatives françaises et anglaises à la fin du XVIIe siècle

Solange Rameix

Illustrer ou persuader ? 

Schémas et dessins dans la réflexion militaire de la France des Lumières

Arnaud Guinier

Le théâtre de la guerre révolutionnaire : Cris, harangues et discours des généraux à l’armée des Pyrénées orientales (1793-1795)

Laurent Cuvelier

Partie 3

Argumenter au cœur du combat

Argumenter en plein combat : 

Formes et fonctions de l’exhortation au combat dans les batailles rangées romaines à la fin de la République

Xavier Lapray

Le contrôle de la parole dans la cité assiégée selon Énée le Tacticien (IVe siècle av. J.-C.)

Jonathan Andujar & Christian Bouchet

Argumenter en guerre civile : les partis de la guerre et de la paix au Conseil du roi pendant les premières guerres de Religion (1563-1570)

Antoine Rivault

Haranguer ses capitaines ? 

Le duc de Guise, chef de guerre et stratège de mots à Châlons-en-Champagne (26 mars 1585)

Xavier Le Person

Le Mercure François entre en guerre

Virginie Cerdeira

La déportation de civils en vue du travail forcé – le discours normatif de l’occupant allemand, d’une guerre à l’autre

Michel Erpelding

Partie 4

Mémoire, appropriation et droit

« Poure compaignon de guerre » ou « meschant homme » ? 

La représentation du soldat dans les lettres de rémission des ducs de Bourgogne (1386-1482)

Quentin Verreycken

L’affaire d’Hastenbeck, la relation de bataille en tant qu’instrument de diffamation

Antoine Roussel

L’œuvre de mémoire en Europe après la Seconde Guerre mondiale : l’appropriation de la Guerre par le Droit

Marion Larché

Conclusion

Émilie Dosquet

Les auteurs

Résumés

Index


More information with the publisher.

(source: ESCLH Blog)

Tuesday 24 November 2020

SOURCE PUBLICATION: Karin SCHNEIDER (ed.), Mächtekongresse 1818-1822. Digitale Edition (Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences, 2018), ISBN 978-3-9504783-0-3

 

(image: Metternich, painted by Lawrence (1815); source: Wikimedia Commons)

Description:

Die Kongresse von Aachen (1818), Troppau (1820), Laibach (1821) und Verona (1822) sind Ausdruck und Ergebnis einer im Vergleich zum 18. Jahrhundert neuen Konzeption von Außenpolitik: An die Stelle von zwischenstaatlicher Rivalität und Machtpolitik trat eine in diesem Ausmaß bisher nicht praktizierte zwischenstaatliche Kooperation. Die Erfahrungen aus den Napoleonischen Kriegen hatte gezeigt, dass nur ein gemeinsames Vorgehen der europäischen Mächte zu einem dauerhaften Frieden führen würde. Die auf dem Wiener Kongress (1814/15) verhandelte politische und territoriale Neuordnung Europas war das Resultat dieser zwischenstaatlichen Zusammenarbeit. Auf völkerrechtlicher Ebene wurde diese Kooperation zwischen 1813 und 1818 durch ein komplexes System verschiedener Allianzen abgesichert und erfuhr als Europäisches Konzert einen gewissen Grad an Institutionalisierung. Dieser strukturelle Wandel in der Außenpolitik erforderte eine verdichtete Kommunikation zwischen den Staaten. In Aachen, Troppau, Laibach und Verona trafen die Mächtevertreter in der Nachfolge des Wiener Kongresses zusammen, um kollektiv über offene Fragen von europäischem Interesse zu beraten, Krisen abzuwenden beziehungsweise einer Lösung zuzuführen und Ruhe und Frieden in Europa zu garantieren. Die hier edierten Protokolle und anderen Schriftstücke aus dem Österreichischen Staatsarchiv (Link zum Teilbestand im Archivinformationssystem) zeigen die offizielle Lesart der Verhandlungen und sind entsprechend quellenkritisch zu betrachten. Dennoch geben sie einen Einblick in die Grundlagen und die Funktionsweise des Europäischen Mächtekonzerts im Spannungsfeld zwischen außenpolitischen Erfordernissen und innenpolitischen Zwängen, persönlichen Überzeugungen und politischen Kompromissen.

Read more here

Monday 23 November 2020

ADVANCE ARTICLE: Nicholas MULDER, 'A Retrograde Tendency’: The Expropriation of German Property in the Versailles Treaty (Journal of the History of International Law/Revue d'histoire du droit international)

 

(image source: Brill)

Abstract:

This article explores how the Versailles Treaty was shaped by the effects of economic warfare 1914–1919. The First World War was in part an Allied economic war waged against the Central Powers in conditions of advanced economic and financial globalization. This was reflected in the treaty’s expropriation mechanisms, which were used to take control of German property, rights, and interests around the world. Whereas Articles 297 and 298 of the treaty legalized wartime seizures, the Reparations Section of the treaty also contained a provision, paragraph 18, that gave the Allies far-reaching confiscatory powers in the future. The article places these mechanisms in a wider political, legal and economic context, and traces how they became a bone of contention among the former belligerents in the interwar period.

(Read more with Brill; DOI 10.1163/15718050-12340136)

Friday 20 November 2020

ADVANCE ARTICLE: Hans BLOM & Mark SOMOS, 'Public-Private Concord through Divided Sovereignty: Reframing societas for International Law' (Journal of the History of International Law/Revue d'histoire du droit international) (OPEN ACCESS)

(image source: Brill)

 Abstract:

Grotius is the father of modern international law. The indivisibility of sovereignty was the sine qua non of early-modern conceptual innovation in law. Both statements are axiomatic in the mainstream literature of the last two centuries. Both are profoundly and interestingly wrong. This paper shows that Grotius’ systematisation of public and international law involved defining corporations as potentially (and the VOC actually) integral to reason of state, and able to bear and exercise marks of sovereignty under certain conditions. For Grotius, some corporations were not subsumed under the state’s legal authority, nor were they hybrid ‘company-states’. Instead, states and such corporations, able and forced to cooperate, fell under dovetailing natural, international, and municipal systems of law. The paper reexamines Grotius’ notion of international trade, public debt, private corporation, and public and private war through the reassembled prism of these dovetailing laws and the category of societas that underpins Grotian associations. It is argued that although formulated around the new East India trade, the actual reality of legal pluralism was available to Grotius in the Dutch trade experience of the sixteenth century.

(read more with Brill: DOI 10.1163/15718050-12340170)

Thursday 19 November 2020

ADVANCE ARTICLE: Paulo Emílio VAUTHIER BORGES DE MACEDO & Brenda Maria RAMOS ARÁUJO, 'A Man against a War: Rui Barbosa and the Struggle against a Thought' (Journal of the History of International Law/Revue d'histoire du droit international)

 

(image source: Brill)

Abstract:

This article aims to demonstrate that Rui Barbosa’s role at the Hague Peace Conference of 1907 and his speech at the Buenos Aires Law School, in 1916, are a continuum. On both occasions, he not only defended the same principles, the rule of law over force and the juridical equality of nations, and mainly, fought the same enemy: a doctrine, the ‘Borussian militarist doctrine’. From the standpoint of a contextualist historiography, this text recreates that struggle. This work employs the inductive method of approach as well as primary and secondary bibliographical sources.

(Read further with Brill; DOI  10.1163/15718050-12340147)

Wednesday 18 November 2020

ARTICLE: Kostiantyn GOROBETS, 'The International Rule of Law and the Idea of Normative Authority' (Hague Journal on the Rule of Law XII (2020), nr. 12, 227-249)

 

(image source: Wikimedia Commons)

Abstract:

Domestic and international jurisprudence exist and develop as two ‘pocket universes’ in a sense that they belong to the same fabric of reality, but at the same time many concepts shift their meaning when moved from one pocket to another. This is of a paramount importance for the idea of the rule of law, which in domestic setting was forged in the flame of civil wars and struggles against the rulers. This history and such struggles are something international law has never known, and thus any direct transplantation of the domestic images of the rule of law to international realm are doomed to fail. This entails a need in deconstructing the rule of law. Its core meaning (‘laws must be obeyed’), brings a normative claim relevant to any legal order. The idea of the (international) rule of law appears to be linked to the idea of authority of (international) law. There are differences of the structures of authority in domestic and international law as authority can be mediated or unmediated. Mediation of authority, typical for domestic law, presupposes the existence of officials that are functionally and institutionally differentiated from the subjects of law. Authority of international law is by and large unmediated because of its horizontal nature. Such reconstruction allows to reframe the central concern of the international rule of law enquiries. Instead of trying to fit it to the procrustean bed of domestic theories, international legal scholarship must focus on defining conditions under which international law’s claim to authority is realisable.

(read the article: DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40803-020-00141-3

Tuesday 17 November 2020

ADVANCE ARTICLE: Wouter DE RYCKE, "Legislating Utopia. Louis Bara (1821–1857) and the Liberal-Scientific Restatement of International Law in the Nineteenth Century Peace Movement" (Journal of the History of International Law/Revue d'histoire du droit international)

 

(image source: Brill)

Abstract:

This article deals with the contribution of one exponent of the first generation of institutional pacifist internationalism to the rise of ius contra bellum. Traditionally associated with events from the late nineteenth century onwards, this significant paradigm shift knew an extensive prehistory. Legal scholarship has long dismissed the ‘peace friends’ of the mid-century as either not legalistic or solely focussed on arbitration. The article will argue that this longstanding bias has precluded a profound engagement with legal discourse within the early international peace movement. It will do so through a contextual legal analysis of the works of Louis Bara, a young Belgian lawyer who won first prize for his lengthy and controversial peace essay at the famous Paris peace conference of 1849. This neglected jurist articulated an enduring popular desire to develop a liberal international legal project, which both the peace movement and international law as a discipline increasingly internalized.

(read more with Brill; DOI 10.1163/15718050-12340146 

Monday 16 November 2020

DATABASE: King George III's topographical collection, 18 000 maps (British Library/Flickr)

(image source: Flickr)

The British Library has most generously put King George III's topographical collection at the public's disposal. 18 000 digitized maps are now accessible.

See more on Flickr.

(source: British Library)

Friday 13 November 2020

BOOK: Carlos Miguel HERRERA, Albane GESLIN & Marie-Claire PONTHOREAU (dir.), Postcolonialisme et droit. Perspectives épistémologiques (Paris: Kimé, 2020), ISBN 9782841749881, € 20

 


(image source: Editions Kimé; click on the image to enlarge the table of contents)

Book abstract:
Les études postcoloniales ont, depuis quelques années, largement irrigué les divers champs disciplinaires des sciences humaines et sociales. Force est néanmoins de constater que, en France à tout le moins, le droit n'a pas été conduit à s'interroger en profondeur sur les perspectives épistémologiques ouvertes par le tournant postcolonial. Notre livre offre plusieurs parcours pour analyser l'impact du postcolonialisme sur le droit, en associant de manière étroite des juristes avec des chercheurs venants d'autres disciplines, en particulier historiens et philosophes. L'interrogation épistémologique qui traverse tous ses chapitres, s'exprime par deux grands questionnements, le premier touchant au droit, le deuxième aux disciplines juridiques. La première partie de l'oeuvre se concentre sur les rapports existants entre les institutions juridiques et l'expérience coloniale. Ce volet est abordé d'un point de vue historique (à partir des expériences du colonialisme français en Algérie et anglais en Inde), certes mais aussi dans une perspective actuelle (la question de la Nouvelle Calédonie). Et c'est ici que la pluridisciplinarité de l'ouvrage se fait plus fortement sentir. Dans le second versant du livre, notre travail cherche à confronter les perspectives postcoloniales à trois disciplines juridiques : l'histoire du droit, le droit constitutionnel et le droit international. Ici la réflexion est davantage le fait des juristes, qui explorent ce que le postcolonialisme fait à la rationalité juridique. Une confrontation qui modifierait dorénavant la pensée juridique, dans un contexte de globalisation. L'ouvrage conclut, comme il ne peut pas être autrement, sur une réflexion sur les rapports entre savoir et politique.
Papers by F. Dumassy, A. Geslin, L. Havard, C. M. Herrera, A. Imbert, A. Virmani & R. Ivekovic.

(source: Unithèque)

Tuesday 10 November 2020

CALL FOR PAPERS: A Divided Memory ? The Battle of Lepanto on the 450th Anniversary (1571-2021) (Proposte e ricerche. Economia e società nela storia dell'Italia centrale, DEADLINE 20 DEC 2020)

 

 

(image source: univpm/unimic)

 

A Divided Memory?

The Battle of Lepanto on the 450th Anniversary

(1571-2021)

 

 

The naval Battle of Lepanto in 1571 represents one of the symbolic events of the Euro-Mediterranean cultural heritage and become an emblem of the dispute, even then more political than religious, between West and East, Christianity and Islam, Europe and Asia, remaining an expression of a memory that still testifies a contradictory and difficult relationship.

 

In Marche Region, the Battle of Lepanto had a great echo. Still today a historical re-enactment named “festa bella” is periodically organised at Spelonga, where the people of the small community of Arquata del Tronto, in the Province of Ascoli Piceno, recall their participation in the battle. In many other towns, the battle was celebrated with paintings dedicated to the Madonna del Rosario to whom the Victory was consecrated (for example at Grottammare and Petriolo), while in the Pieve Collegiata in San Ginesio the painter Mercurio Rusiolo represented the battle in its unfolding, on a painting commissioned by Captain Felice Matteucci, who had just returned from the clash.

 

A well-known scholar, born in San Ginesio, one of the founding fathers of International Law, Alberico Gentili, in his De jure belli libri tres (1598), outlining the relations that Christian Europe should have kept with Turks, so stated:

 

“Né contro altri né contro i Turchi c'è guerra a causa della religione, e neppure per cause naturali; nondimeno, c'è guerra contro i Turchi perché questi si comportano da nemici contro di noi, complottano, ci minacciano, ci derubano con ogni perfidia ogni volta che possono. Così abbiamo sempre una giusta causa di guerra contro i Turchi. Nei loro riguardi non si deve rompere la parola data né aggredirli se se ne stanno tranquilli e pacifici, senza macchinare contro di noi; certo che no! Ma quando mai i Turchi si comportano così? Tacete teologi, su argomenti che non sono di vostra pertinenza!”

 

Although these words are no longer representative of current sensitivity, they call to our attention the need to analyse the roots of the confrontation between Europe and the Ottoman Empire and to reveal the reasons of a dispute that, in some ways, the events of the modern "Neo-Ottoman" Turkey bring up, making relevant once again topics and problems that have marked the relations between the Mediterranean peoples for centuries.

 

The journal Proposte e ricerche. Economia e società nella storia dell’Italia centrale, in partnership with the Interdepartmental Research Center on the Adriatic and the Mediterranean of the University of Macerata, via this Call for Papers, aims to bring together scholars who debate, from different perspectives and with an interdisciplinary approach, the variety of topics that concern the cultural, political and ideological heritage that the Battle of Lepanto left in Mediterranean societies, being a significant point of observation from which to analyse the relations between Europe and the Islamic world.

 

Scholars are invited to submit an abstract focusing primarily on the following axes:

 

·       Impact of the Battle of Lepanto on the geopolitical and economic Mediterranean area

 

·       Representation and symbols of the Battle of Lepanto in art, literature and folklore

 

·       Religious meaning of the Battle of Lepanto and the relations between Christianity and Islam

 

·       Meaning of the Battle of Lepanto in the Turkish perspective

 

·       Battle of Lepanto as part of the Italian and European cultural heritage.

 

 

Proposals of articles:

Proposals for original articles, in Italian and English, must include an abstract (with a short bibliography) not exceeding 3,000 characters, and a brief CV of the author with the list of publications.

Proposals are to be submitted to the e-mail addresses of the two contact persons: Maria Ciotti (maria.ciotti@unimc.it) and Andrea Caligiuri (andrea.caligiuri@unimc.it), including in the subject line of the e-mail: CFP LEPANTO.

The deadline for submission of abstracts is on 20 December 2020.

 

 

Selected articles:

The authors shortlisted will be notified by the end of December 2020.

Articles, in Italian, French or English, selected for publication must not exceed 50,000 characters, spaces and footnotes included, and must be submitted in a final version before 30 April 2021.

All the articles will be submitted to a double-blind review.

The publication of the special issue in the journal Proposte e ricerche. Economia e società nella storia dell’Italia centrale is expected by 2021.

Monday 9 November 2020

ONLINE LECTURES: Hague Academy of International Law Winter 2020-2021

 

(click here to enlarge image; source: Hague Academy/Twitter)

The Hague Academy of International Law hosts its Winter Courses online. Consult the program here.

Friday 6 November 2020

CHAPTER: Jan KLABBERS, 'An Accidental Revolution: The ILO and the Opening Up of International Law', in: Tarja HALONEN & Ulla LIUKKUNEN (eds.), International Labour Organization and Global Social Governance (Heidelberg: Springer, 2020), ISBN 978-3-030-55399-9

 

(image source: Springer)

Abstract:

This article discusses the pioneering role of the ILO not in terms of its contribution to labour law, but in terms of its epistemic relevance: it was the first international organization which cut through the classic borderline between national law and international law. In order to do so, the article sketches pre-ILO legal doctrine, and discusses the creation and particular structure of the ILO at some length: why even create an organization to address labour issues, instead of concluding a convention? This is followed by outlining just how relevant the role of the ILO has been.

Book description:

This open access book explores the role of the ILO (International Labour Organization) in building global social governance from multiple and mutually complementary perspectives. It explores the impact of this UN´s oldest agency, founded in 1919, on the transforming world of work in a global setting, providing insights into the unique history and functions of the ILO as an organization and the evolution of workers’ rights through international labour standards stemming from its regulatory mechanism. The book examines the persistent dilemma of balancing the benefits of globalization with the protection of workers. It critically assesses the challenges that emerge when international labour standards are implemented and enforced in highly diverse regulatory frameworks in international, regional, national and local contexts. The book also identifies feasible ways to achieve more inclusive labour protection, putting into perspective the tension between the economic and the social in the ILO’s second century of operation. It includes reflections on the work of the ILO World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalisation by Tarja Halonen, who as President of Finland co-chaired the Commission with Benjamin William Mkapa, President of Tanzania. Written by distinguished experts and scholars in the fields of international labour law and international law, the book provides an insightful and in-depth analysis of the role of the ILO as an international organization devoted to decent work and social justice. It also sheds light on tripartism and its particular role in the work of the ILO, examining the challenges that a profoundly changing working life presents in terms of labour protection and social justice, and examining the transnational dimension of labour law. Lastly, the book includes a postscript by Nobel economics laureate Professor Joseph E. Stiglitz.

(Read the text in open access here)

Thursday 5 November 2020

ADVANCE ARTICLE: Felix WALDMANN, 'Natural Law and the Chair of Ethics in the University of Naples, 1703–1769' (Modern Intellectual History)

(image source: CUP)

Abstract:

This articles focuses on a significant change to the curriculum in “ethics” (moral philosophy) in the University of Naples, superintended by Celestino Galiani, the rector of the university (1732–53), and Antonio Genovesi, Galiani's protégé and the university's professor of ethics (1746–54). The article contends that Galiani's and Genovesi's sympathies lay with the form of “modern natural law” pioneered by Hugo Grotius and his followers in Northern Europe. The transformation of curricular ethics in Protestant contexts had stemmed from an anxiety about its relevance in the face of moral skepticism. The article shows how this anxiety affected a Catholic context, and it responds to John Robertson's contention that Giambattista Vico's use of “sacred history” in his Scienza nuova (1725, revised 1730, 1744) typified a search among Catholics for an alternative to “scholastic natural law,” when the latter was found insufficiently to explain the sources of human sociability. 

(read the article here: DOI 10.1017/S1479244320000360)

Wednesday 4 November 2020

BOOK: Isabelle RICHEFORT (ed.), Aux sources de la paix. Les Archives du Service français de la SDN (intr. Maurice VAÏSSE) [Diplomatie et Histoire; 23] (Paris: CTHS, 2020), ISBN 978-2-7355-0911-9

 

(image source: CTHS)

Description:

L’année 2020 marque un double anniversaire, celui des 75 ans de la fondation des Nations unies mais aussi le centenaire de la création de la Société des Nations (SDN), qui a posé les premières pierres du système multilatéral à l’issue de la Première Guerre mondiale. Au-delà de son impuissance à éviter le déclenchement d’un second conflit mondial, il s’agit dans cet ouvrage de rendre accessibles des sources françaises permettant de mieux comprendre l’action de la SDN. Celle-ci s’est pleinement affirmée dans le domaine de la collaboration fonctionnelle en jouant un rôle pionnier et important en matière d’organisation internationale dans de multiples domaines. Elle a ainsi été chargée de gérer au mieux les territoires coloniaux détenus en 1914 par l’Allemagne ou par la Turquie, confiés sous son autorité à la suite des traités de paix par le système des mandats à des puissances victorieuses, ouvrant la voie à la décolonisation. Le rôle économique et financier de la SDN n’est pas moins important. Par le biais de comités d’experts et de grandes conférences internationales en faveur des pays dont les finances avaient été désorganisées par la Grande Guerre, elle a abordé presque toutes les questions qui se sont posées dans ce domaine. La protection des minorités est devenue, à l’initiative du président Wilson, une mission essentielle de la SDN, rendue indispensable par les bouleversements territoriaux subis par l’Europe centrale. Le rôle humanitaire au profit des plus faibles a été également une des priorités de cette organisation internationale. Soulignons qu’après la Grande Guerre, la constitution d’un droit international en matière sociale lui est confiée. Enfin, puisque ce volume est consacré à l’inventaire des archives françaises relatives à la SDN, il est également frappant de constater à quel point la France était déjà investie dans ces premiers efforts pour mettre en place un ordre international. De nombreuses reproductions de documents et photographies dont certaines sont inédites, contribuent à nourrir la réflexion sur l’importance que revêt aujourd’hui, comme hier, un système international basé sur la coopération plutôt que sur la confrontation.

(more information with the CTHS

Tuesday 3 November 2020

VIDEO: Prof. dr. Monica HAKIMI: "Two Visions of the International Rule of Law" (Cambridge: CIL, 30 OCT 2020)

(source: LCIL/copyright Vanessa Bystry)

Lecture summary:
Two Visions of the International Rule of Law: When we speak of the rule of law, we generally mean to describe the attributes that make law, as an enterprise, worthwhile--the qualities that lead us to aspire to live in a society governed by law. Though international lawyers commonly invoke the concept, we have devoted little attention to explaining what it entails or how it translates to the international plane. This lecture will begin to fill that gap by presenting two distinct visions of the international rule of law. Each captures something important about law, but they are in certain respects incompatible. And while one already informs much of the thinking on international law, the second, which has largely been overlooked, might actually provide a more suitable framework for evaluating when and why international law is worthwhile.

On the speaker:

Monica Hakimi is the James V. Campbell Professor of Law and the Associate Dean for Faculty and Research at the University of Michigan Law School. Her research ties together doctrine and theory to examine how international law adapts to contemporary challenges, particularly in the areas of human and national security.

(source: LCIL

Monday 2 November 2020

JOURNAL: Special Issue Politics and the Histories of International Law (eds. Anne PETERS, Raphaël SCHÄFER & Randall LESAFFER) Journal of the History of International Law/Revue d'histoire du droit international XXII (2020), No. 2-3

(image source: Brill)

 Articles:

  • Politics and the Histories of International Law: An Introduction to the Special Issue (Anne Peters, Raphael Schäfer, and Randall Lesaffer) (open access)
  • A History of International Law in the Vernacular (Jacob Katz Cogan)
  • Theorising Order in the Shadow of War. The Politics of International Legal Knowledge and the Justification of Force in Modernity (Hendrik Simon)
  • Edmund Burke and the Ambivalence of Protection for Slaves: Between Humanity and Control (Parvathi Menon)
  • The Politics of History in the Late Qing Era: William A. P. Martin and a History of International Law for China (Maria Adèle Carrai)
  • Strength through Diversity? The Paradox of Extraterritoriality and the History of the Odd Ones Out (Madeleine Herren)
  • Civilisation, Protection, Restitution: A Critical History of International Cultural Heritage Law in the 19th and 20th Century (Sebastian M. Spitra) (open access)
  • Full Access The Road to Collective Security: Soviet Russia, the League of Nations, and the Emergence of the ius contra bellum in the Aftermath of the Russian Revolution (1917–1934) (Etienne Henry)
  • Three Wartime Textbooks of International Law (Deborah Whitehall)
  • Full Access Histories Hidden in the Shadow: Vitoria and the International Ostracism of Francoist Spain (Julia Bühner)
  • International Law and the European Court of Justice: The Politics of Avoiding History (Michel Elperding)
  • Turntablism in the History of International Law (Jean d'Aspremont) (open access)

Book reviews:

  • Rewriting the History of the Law of Nations. How James Brown Scott Made Francisco de Vitoria the Founder of International Law, written by Paolo Amorosa (Ignacio de la Rasilla del Moral)
  • Islamic International Law. Historical Foundations and Al-Shaybani’s Siyar, written by Khaled Ramadan Bashir (Dominique Gaurier)
(read more here)